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Formby is a town in Merseyside. The area is a civil parish and within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton〔(The Boundary Committee ) for England (BCFE) began reviewing the electoral arrangements of Sefton on 4 December 2001.〕 in Merseyside, England. It has a population of approximately 25,000, measured at the 2011 Census as 22,419.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Parish population 2011 )〕 Historically in Lancashire, three manors are recorded in the Domesday book under "Fornebei" as Halsall, Walton and Poynton.〔 The town's early recorded industry points to cockle raking, and shrimp fishing (in addition to arable ventures) last through into the 19th century.〔 By 1872, the township and sub-district was made up of two chapelries (St. Peter and St. Luke), and contained Birkdale township, the hamlets of Ainsdale and Raven-Meols and Altcar parish.〔 The Section dedicated to Formby.〕 Formby was built on the plain adjoining the Irish Sea coast a few miles north of the Crosby channel where the sands afford shelter to the towns.〔 Formby is affluent〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Formby, Ainsdale & Birkdale - Inspector Jim Atherton profile )〕 with high owner-occupation and car ownership.〔 Strong economic ties are retained with nearby Liverpool to which it acts as a dormitory town for some of its residents. The greater area is a popular tourist destination during the summer months, with day trippers attracted to its beaches, sand dunes and wildlife - most particularly the red squirrels. and Natterjack toads.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Formby coastal walk )〕 The area is a conserved by the National Trust, and designated a site of Specific Scientific Interest.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Formby )〕 == History == Erosion of sand on the beach at Formby is revealing layers of mud and sediment, laid down in the late Mesolithic to the late Neolithic, approximately 8000 – 5000 years ago, and covered in the early Bronze Age. These sediments often contain the footprints of humans and animals (red deer, roe deer, wild boar, wolf, aurochs) and birds (oystercatcher, crane and other waders) from that period.〔 〕 The common place-name ending ''-by'' is from the Scandinavian ''byr'' meaning "homestead", "settlement" or "village". The village of Formby was originally spelt ''Fornebei'' and means "the old settlement" or "village belonging to Forni".〔 At that time ''Fornibiyum'' was also a well-known Norse family name. He could have been the leader of the invading expedition which took possession of this coast. Until its closure in 1998, Oslo Airport in Norway was situated in a town called Fornebu. It was from Ireland in about 960 AD that these Norsemen or Vikings first came to the west coast of Lancashire, initially trading or raiding and then settling. Tradition says that the Viking invaders failed to defeat the native Anglo-Saxons on the coast of Formby, so they sailed inland, up the River Alt, and attacked from the rear.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Viking Life )〕 Dangus Lane, on the east side of the village, is sometimes called Danesgate Land, being connected by local traditions with this incursion. Formby Hall is a Grade II listed building dating back to 1223. It has traditionally been the home of the Lords of the Manor. Much of the land around it is now a golf course. Formby Beach is the location of the first lifeboat station in the UK. Established as early as 1776 by William Hutchinson, Dock Master for the Liverpool Common Council. It was the first lifeboat station in the United Kingdom, and possibly the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Merseyside History )〕 One night, two years previous, eighteen ships were stranded at the mouth of the Mersey drowning 75 people. The foundations of the last of the lifeboat station buildings remain on the beach.〔(PDF file ) Handout issed by Seftom MBC and Mersey Travel〕 The last launch took place in 1916. Remarkably a film survives of this event. Formby is home to RAF Woodvale, a small RAF station on the outskirts of the town. The airfield opened in 1941 and is a former World War II fighter station with three active runways, the main runway being a mile in length.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Merseyside Regional History Section - RAF Woodvale )〕 Today it is used by RAF for light aircraft and fighter training, as well as a few civilian aircraft. The station was also home to Merseyside Police's helicopter, known as 'Mike One'.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Merseyside Police Authority )〕 The RAF station was also home to the last ever operational service of the British legend, the Supermarine Spitfire. In 1957 the last Spitfire to fly with British military markings took off from RAF Woodvale on an operational mission.〔 Woodvale is also home to the Woodvale Rally, one of the biggest shows on an active MOD station in the North West.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Fantastic Weekend For ALL The Family! )〕 Holy Trinity Church is believed to be the only church in the country which holds a special service in which seasonal greenery collected by the menfolk of the parish and then twined into wreaths by the ladies is lifted into place as part of a service of worship in the run-up to Christmas. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Formby」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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